Windows verify checksum

Posted on February 4, 2025 by bild

certutil -hashfile File.ext sha256

sha256sum File.ext

OPNSense Bridge

Posted on November 22, 2024 by bild

Interfaces: Assignments » add igb[n]
Interfaces: Other Types: Bridge » create Bridge
Interfaces: [OPT(n)] » enable Device
Interfaces: Other Types: Bridge » add member Device(s)
Interfaces: Assignments » change LAN device to Bridge
(add old LAN Interface to Bridge)

install Kubernetes on Debian 12 Bookworm

Posted on October 8, 2024 by bild

Sources:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/
https://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=Debian_12&p=kubernetes&f=1

prepare Hosts [all nodes]
- disable swap
  edit /etc/fstab && swapoff -a
- add cluster DNS to /etc/hosts
  - e.g. onprem.cloud
    echo “127.0.0.1 onprem.cloud” >> /etc/hosts

apt install -y curl gpg
# edit /etc/sysctl.conf
#   net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
#   net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
#   net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
sysctl -w net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
sysctl -w net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables=1
# add kernel modules
echo -e "overlay\nbr_netfilter" | sudo tee -a /etc/modules
modprobe br_netfilter
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
echo "export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" >> /root/.bashrc

add K8s Repo [all nodes]

curl -fsSL https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.31/deb/Release.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg

echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/core:/stable:/v1.31/deb/ /" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list

add CRI-O Repo [all nodes]

curl -fsSL https://pkgs.k8s.io/addons:/cri-o:/stable:/v1.31/deb/Release.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/cri-o-apt-keyring.gpg

echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/cri-o-apt-keyring.gpg] https://pkgs.k8s.io/addons:/cri-o:/stable:/v1.31/deb/ /" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cri-o.list

install K8s (https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm/) and Container Runtime CRI-O (https://cri-o.io/) [all nodes]

sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y cri-o kubelet kubeadm kubectl

sudo systemctl start crio.service
sudo systemctl enable crio.service

sudo apt-mark hold cri-o kubelet kubeadm kubectl

install CNI Cillium (https://docs.cilium.io/en/stable/gettingstarted/k8s-install-default/) [all nodes]

# CILIUM_CLI_VERSION=$(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cilium/cilium-cli/main/stable.txt)
CILIUM_CLI_VERSION=v0.16.18
curl -L --fail --remote-name-all https://github.com/cilium/cilium-cli/releases/download/${CILIUM_CLI_VERSION}/cilium-linux-amd64.tar.gz{,.sha256sum}
sha256sum --check cilium-linux-amd64.tar.gz.sha256sum
sudo tar xzvfC cilium-linux-amd64.tar.gz /usr/local/bin
rm cilium-linux-amd64.tar.gz{,.sha256sum}

install Hubble Observability (https://docs.cilium.io/en/stable/observability/hubble/index.html) [all nodes]

# HUBBLE_VERSION=$(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cilium/hubble/master/stable.txt)
HUBBLE_VERSION=v1.16.1
curl -L --fail --remote-name-all https://github.com/cilium/hubble/releases/download/$HUBBLE_VERSION/hubble-linux-amd64.tar.gz{,.sha256sum}
sha256sum --check hubble-linux-amd64.tar.gz.sha256sum
sudo tar xzvfC hubble-linux-amd64.tar.gz /usr/local/bin
rm hubble-linux-amd64.tar.gz{,.sha256sum}

Create Cluster [control plane]

sudo kubeadm config images pull
sudo kubeadm init --control-plane-endpoint=onprem.cloud --v=5 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
# wait for node to get 'ready'
watch --color 'sudo kubectl get nodes'

sudo cilium install
sudo cilium status

Join another control plane [control plane]

kubeadm token create --print-join-command
sudo kubeadm join --control-plane

sudo cilium install
sudo cilium status

Join Nodes [worker nodes]

kubeadm token create --print-join-command

reset K8s Node

kubeadm reset

install Helm (https://helm.sh/docs/intro/install/)

curl https://baltocdn.com/helm/signing.asc | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /usr/share/keyrings/helm.gpg > /dev/null

echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/helm.gpg] https://baltocdn.com/helm/stable/debian/ all main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/helm-stable-debian.list

sudo apt update
sudo apt install helm

install Longhorn (https://longhorn.io/) [all nodes]

helm repo add longhorn https://charts.longhorn.io
helm repo update
helm install longhorn longhorn/longhorn --namespace longhorn-system --create-namespace --version 1.7.1

kubectl -n longhorn-system get pod

test Cluster

kubectl create namespace test
kubectl config set-context --current --namespace=test
kubectl create deployment whoami --image=traefik/whoami:latest
#kubectl expose deployment whoami --name whoami-service --port 80 --target-port=30080 --type NodePort
kubectl create service nodeport whoami --node-port=30080 --tcp=80:80

https://kubernetes.io/de/docs/reference/kubectl/cheatsheet/

https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/access-application-cluster/web-ui-dashboard

helm repo add kubernetes-dashboard https://kubernetes.github.io/dashboard/
helm upgrade --install kubernetes-dashboard kubernetes-dashboard/kubernetes-dashboard --create-namespace --namespace kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard port-forward svc/kubernetes-dashboard-kong-proxy 8443:443
kubectl create serviceaccount admin-user -n kubernetes-dashboard
kubectl create clusterrolebinding admin-user --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kubernetes-dashboard:admin-user
kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard create token admin-user

https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard/blob/master/docs/user/access-control/creating-sample-user.md

use physical Port in KVM

Posted on September 4, 2024 by bild

https://wiki.debian.org/BridgeNetworkConnections

apt install bridge-utils

ip link show
brctl addbr br42
brctl addif br42 enp5s2
ip link set enp5s2 up
ip link set enp5s2 master br42
ip link set br42 up
ip link show

cat /etc/network/interfaces

iface eno2 inet static
        address 192.168.168.123
        broadcast 192.168.168.255
        netmask 255.255.255.0
        gateway 192.168.168.254

iface enp0s25 inet manual

auto br42
iface br42 inet dhcp
        bridge_ports enp0s25
        bridge_stp off       # disable Spanning Tree Protocol
        bridge_waitport 0    # no delay before a port becomes available
        bridge_fd 0          # no forwarding delay

cat bridged-network.xml

<network>
<name>bridged-network</name>
<forward mode="bridge" />
<bridge name="br42" />
</network>

virsh net-define bridged-network.xml
virsh net-start bridged-network
virsh net-autostart bridged-network

systemctl restart networking.service

virsh net-list –all
virsh net-autostart default

tinygrad on debian 12

Posted on July 16, 2024 by bild

apt install git clang python3-venv

git clone https://github.com/tinygrad/tinygrad.git
cd tinygrad
python3 -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate

python3 -m pip install -e .
python3 examples/stable_diffusion.py

OpenBSD in KVM

Posted on November 30, 2023 by bild

boot> bsd -c
disable mpbios
quit

disable mpbios

config -ef /bsd
disable mpbios
quit

install Kubernetes on Debian 11 Bullseye

Posted on December 14, 2022 by bild

prepare Hosts [all nodes]
- disable swap
  swapoff -a
add cluster DNS to /etc/hosts
- e.g. onprem.cloud
  echo “127.0.0.1 onprem.cloud” >> /etc/hosts

apt install -y curl gpg
# edit /etc/sysctl.conf
#   net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
#   net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
sysctl -w net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1
# edit /etc/modules
#   br_netfilter
modprobe br_netfilter
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
echo "export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf" >> /root/.bashrc

install Container Runtime CRI-O (https://cri-o.io/) [all nodes]

export OS=Debian_11
export VERSION=1.25
echo "deb https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable/$OS/ /" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/devel:kubic:libcontainers:stable.list
echo "deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable:/cri-o:/$VERSION/$OS/ /" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/devel:kubic:libcontainers:stable:cri-o:$VERSION.list

curl -L https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable:/cri-o:/$VERSION/$OS/Release.key | apt-key add -
curl -L https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/devel:/kubic:/libcontainers:/stable/$OS/Release.key | apt-key add -

apt update
apt install -y cri-o cri-o-runc
systemctl enable crio.service
systemctl start crio.service

install K8s (https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/install-kubeadm/) [all nodes]

apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl
mkdir /etc/apt/keyrings
curl -fsSL https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | gpg --dearmor | dd status=none of=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/kubernetes-archive-keyring.gpg] https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list
apt update
apt install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl
apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl

install CNI Cillium (https://docs.cilium.io/en/stable/gettingstarted/k8s-install-default/) [all nodes]

CILIUM_CLI_VERSION=$(curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cilium/cilium-cli/master/stable.txt)
CLI_ARCH=amd64
if [ "$(uname -m)" = "aarch64" ]; then CLI_ARCH=arm64; fi
curl -L --fail --remote-name-all https://github.com/cilium/cilium-cli/releases/download/${CILIUM_CLI_VERSION}/cilium-linux-${CLI_ARCH}.tar.gz{,.sha256sum}
sha256sum --check cilium-linux-${CLI_ARCH}.tar.gz.sha256sum
tar xzvfC cilium-linux-${CLI_ARCH}.tar.gz /usr/local/bin
rm cilium-linux-${CLI_ARCH}.tar.gz{,.sha256sum}

Create Cluster [control plane]

kubeadm init --control-plane-endpoint=onprem.cloud --v=5 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
# wait for node to get 'ready'
watch --color 'kubectl get nodes'

cilium install
cilium status

Join Nodes [worker nodes]

kubeadm token create --print-join-command

reset K8s Node

kubeadm reset

expose K8s Port

iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 10.10.10.172/24 -i eno1 -p tcp --dport 6443 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.122.234:6443
iptables -I FORWARD -p tcp -d 192.168.122.234/24 --dport 6443 -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

test Cluster

kubectl create namespace test
kubectl config set-context --current --namespace=test
kubectl create deployment whoami --image=traefik/whoami:latest
#kubectl expose deployment whoami --name whoami-service --port 80 --target-port=30080 --type NodePort
kubectl create service nodeport whoami --node-port=30080 --tcp=80:80

https://kubernetes.io/de/docs/reference/kubectl/cheatsheet/

Veracrypt

Posted on August 21, 2022 by bild

https://veracrypt.fr/

Android
https://f-droid.org/de/packages/com.sovworks.edslite/
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sovworks.edslite

iOS
https://apps.apple.com/de/app/disk-decipher/id516538625

Podman on Debian 11 Bullseye

Posted on May 17, 2022 by bild

apt install podman

mkdir -p $HOME/.config/containers
echo 'unqualified-search-registries=["docker.io"]' > $HOME/.config/containers/registries.conf

podman run hello-world

apt install python3-pip

pip3 install podman-compose

Windows wipe disk

Posted on May 5, 2022 by bild

diskpart
list disk
select disk 42
clean

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